Major John Bradford Homestead archaeological collections report

This report describes a collections management project undertaken on archaeological finds excavated at the Major John Bradford Homestead in 1972 and 1973. One of the chief goals of the project were to clean all artifacts that had not been processed after sorting the materials that had been processed and labeled and to reunite them with their provenience groups. The next goal was to catalogue all of the finds and to re-bag and re-box all of the materials in archivally appropriate bags and acid-free boxes and to provide a box inventory keyed to the catalogue so that future researchers or exhibit designers could readily locate objects of interest. A further goal was to provide a narrative about the excavations and to make suggestions about how to interpret the archaeological evidence and to suggest potential future research. All of these goals were met and are detailed in this report

Participation in Veteran Organizations

Half of the 2.6 million veterans identify difficulty in transitioning back to civilian life after deployment (Chandrasekaren, 2014). With at least twenty percent of OEF/OIF veterans returning being diagnosed with PTSD and or Depression the need for connection to reduce isolation is high (Tanielian, Jaycox, 2008). Additionally, participation in Veteran Service Organizations like the VFW and American Legion are down over thirty percent (Montgomery, 2014). This project works to identify what is working in some of the Minneapolis and St. Paul posts to increase participation and what might be interfering with participation members. The study was conducted by talking with leaders in posts about the outreaches they are doing for veterans. Recruitment of active military, discounted membership, and integration of OEF/OIF veterans in transitioning the building were discovered as ways to increase participation. Whereas, the bar, misconception of benefits, and privacy laws were seen as interfering with participation increase

Participation in Veteran Organizations

Half of the 2.6 million veterans identify difficulty in transitioning back to civilian life after deployment (Chandrasekaren, 2014). With at least twenty percent of OEF/OIF veterans returning being diagnosed with PTSD and or Depression the need for connection to reduce isolation is high (Tanielian, Jaycox, 2008). Additionally, participation in Veteran Service Organizations like the VFW and American Legion are down over thirty percent (Montgomery, 2014). This project works to identify what is working in some of the Minneapolis and St. Paul posts to increase participation and what might be interfering with participation members. The study was conducted by talking with leaders in posts about the outreaches they are doing for veterans. Recruitment of active military, discounted membership, and integration of OEF/OIF veterans in transitioning the building were discovered as ways to increase participation. Whereas, the bar, misconception of benefits, and privacy laws were seen as interfering with participation increase

Circuits, Matrices, and Nonassociative Computation

AbstractWe consider the complexity of various computational problems over nonassociative algebraic structures. Specifically, we look at the problem of evaluating circuits, formulas, and words, over both nonassociative structures themselves and over matrices with elements in these structures. Extending past work, we show that such problems can characterize a wide variety of complexity classes up to and including NP. As an example, the word (i.e., iterated multiplication) problems involving a sequence of O(logkn) matrices over a structure ( S; +, ·) in which (S; +) is a monoid or an aperiodic monoid are complete for NCk+1 and for ACk, respectively, and a word problem variant involving matrices of size O(logkn) is complete for SCk

Formation of De Geer Moraines Deposited Subglacially, Central Québec

This paper presents a model for the genesis of De Geer moraines in the Chapais and Radisson areas, Québec. The model is mainly based on faciès and deformation structure analysis. Three facies associations have been identified: (1) sorted sediments that form foreset laminations dipping downglacier. Till lenses or glacial diamictons are found within the sorted sediments or form a surficial layer on the proximal side of the sections; (2) a non-fissile and poorly compacted till overlies and deforms sorted sediments. Laminae of finely sorted sediments may be incorporated in the till; (3) a fissile and compact till commonly lies on the basal till sheet. All three facies associations feature deformation structures (faults, folds, load and drag structures) which indicate an upglacier origin. The model proposed is an emplacement of De Geer moraines in bottom crevasses by an active glacier. In areas where meltwaters were channelized, sediments accumulated in the crevasses as foreset laminations. Till filled the crevasses in areas remote from meltwater flow. Glacial activity remobilized the basal till locally and pushed it toward bottom crevasses located downglacier, or overturned large layers of till. Finally, in areas located even further laterally, meltwaters had almost no effect and the moraines were formed by plastering of till in the crevasses. The three faciès associations are part of a continuum beginning with the moraines composed of sorted sediments and grading laterally into the moraines formed of fissile and compact till. This continuum is described for the first time.L'étude propose un modèle de formation des moraines de De Geer des régions de Chapais et de Radisson, au Québec. Il est basé principalement sur la distribution des faciès et l'analyse des structures de déformation. Trois associations de faciès ont été identifiées : (1) des sédiments triés forment des lits obliques inclinés vers l'aval de l'écoulement glaciaire, avec des lentilles de till ou de diamicton interdigitées dans les sédiments triés ou drapant le versant proximal des moraines; (2) un till non fissile et peu compact recouvre en les déformant des sédiments triés. Ce till contient parfois des laminations de sédiments fins triés; (3) un till fissile et compact repose le plus souvent sur la nappe de till de fond sous-jacente. Les trois associations de faciès présentent des structures de déformation (failles, plis, structures d'entraînement et figures de charge) indiquant une contrainte de l'amont glaciaire. Les moraines de De Geer se sont mises en place dans des crevasses situées à la base d'un glacier actif. Dans les secteurs où s'écoulaient des eaux de fonte, des sédiments triés s'accumulaient en lits obliques. Latéralement à ces secteurs, les eaux de fonte modifiaient peu les sédiments et du till s'est accumulé. Le glacier a remobilisé le till de fond, provoquant son déplacement vers des crevasses localisées en aval, ou déformé des lentilles de till. Enfin, dans les secteurs où les eaux de fonte avaient peu ou pas d'influence, les moraines se sont formées par placage de till dans les crevasses. Les trois associations de faciès font partie d'un continuum qui commence avec les séries de moraines composées de sédiment triés, passant latéralement à des moraines composées d'un till fissile et compact. Ce passage latéral est identifié pour la première fois.Dièse Studie stellt ein Modell der Entstehung der De Geer-Morânen vor. Das Modell stùtzt sich hauptsachlich auf die Fazies-Verteilung und die Analyse der Deformationsstruktur. Man hat drei Fazies-Verbindungen identifiziert: (1) sortierte, steil geschichtete Sedimente, die gletscherabwàrts ausgerichtet sind. Man findet Till-Linsen oder glaziale Diamiktite entweder innerhalb der sortierten Sedimente oder als Oberflâchen-schicht auf der Proximalseite der Abschnitte; (2) ein nicht spaltbares und wenig kompaktes Till uberlagert und verformt die sortierten Sedimente; (3) ein spaltbares und kompaktes Till bedeckt weiterhin die Grundtilldecke. AIIe dreie Fazies-Verbindungen weisen Verformungsstrukturen auf (Verwerfungen, Falten, Schuttlastund Schleppungsstrukturen), was auf eine Entstehung im oberen Teil des Gletschers schlieBen IaBt. Das Modell geht davon aus, da(3 die De Geer-Morânen von einem aktiven Gletscher in Bodengletscherspalten gebildet worden sind. In Gebieten, wo die Schmelzwasser Rinnen bildeten, lagerten sich die Sedimente in den Spalten in Schragschichtung an. Till fiillte die Spalten in vom SchmelzwasserfluB entfernten Gebieten. Die glaziale Aktivitât hat ôrtlich das Grundtill wieder mobilisiert und es in Richtung gletscherabwàrts gelegener Spalten geschoben oder es hat breite Tillschichten umgewalzt. SchlieBlich hatten die Schmelzwasser in Gebieten, die noch weiter seitlich lagen, fast keine Wirkung und die Morânen bildeten sich durch Anhàufung von Till in den Spalten. Die drei Fazies-Verbindungen sind Teil eines Kontinuums, das mit den Morânen aus sortierten Sedimenten beginnt und allmàhlich lateral in die aus spaltbarem und kompaktem Till bestehenden Morânen ùbergeht

The origin of the E+ transition in GaAsN alloys

Optical properties of GaAsN system with nitrogen concentrations in the range of 0.9-3.7% are studied by full-potential LAPW method in a supercell approach. The E+ transition is identified by calculating the imaginary part of the dielectric function. The evolution of the energy of this transition with nitrogen concentration is studied and the origin of this transition is identified by analyzing the contributions to the dielectric function from different band combinations. The L_1c-derived states are shown to play an important role in the formation of the E+ transition, which was also suggested by recent experiments. At the same time the nitrogen-induced modification of the first conduction band of the host compound are also found to contribute significantly to the E+ transition. Further, the study of several model supercells demonstrated the significant influence of the nitrogen potential on the optical properties of the GaAsN system.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

The Little Mexican Girl that Could: An Immigrant Child Becoming a Bilingual Teacher

This article reveals findings from a narrative inquiry into the experiences of Marlene, a young Latina woman, and her journey to becoming a Spanish Bilingual elementary teacher. The article begins by demonstrating the increasing need for certified Bilingual and ESL teachers that can effectively address the needs of linguistically and culturally diverse students within the context of shifting population and public school demographics in the United States. It then provides an overview of the inquiry and explores salient themes related to how Marlene’s stories reflect challenges and supports to becoming a Spanish Bilingual teacher, and how her experiences shaped her emerging professional identity as a teacher. The article concludes by considering potential implications for PK-12 and higher education institutions’ practices and policies

Membership Testing in Threshold One Transformation Monoids

AbstractThe membership problem in transformation monoids is the natural extension to the well-studied membership problem in permutation groups. We consider the restriction of the problem to the varieties of threshold one monoids, those monoids in which every element ƒ satisfies ƒp+1 = ƒ, for some integer p. We find that each of the complexity classes AC0, NC, and P can be associated with a variety of threshold one monoids which, within the hypothesis that NC ≠ P and P ≠ NP, is the unique largest variety of monoids where the membership problem can be done with this complexity. We extend our study to other cases of threshold one monoids, for which we obtain NP-completeness results. We also consider the problem which consists in deciding whether the transformation monoid of an automaton belongs to a specific variety: we show that we can do in AC0 the characterization of monoids in three of the varieties most significant to our study of the membership problem